Daftar Lengkap Perintah Terminal macOS
1. Manajemen File & Folder
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Lihat isi folder | ls |
| Buat folder | mkdir NamaFolder |
| Hapus file | rm file.txt |
| Hapus folder | rm -r Folder |
| Pindah file | mv file.txt /path/tujuan/ |
| Salin file | cp file.txt file_copy.txt |
| Ganti direktori | cd /path/folder/ |
| Lokasi saat ini | pwd |
| Tampilkan file tersembunyi | ls -a |
| Ubah nama file/folder | mv namaLama namaBaru |
2. Membuat & Mengedit File
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Buat file kosong | touch file.txt |
| Tambah teks ke file | echo "halo" > file.txt |
| Tambah baris ke file | echo "baris tambahan" >> file.txt |
| Lihat isi file | cat file.txt |
| Edit file (CLI) | nano file.txt |
| Edit file (GUI) | open -a TextEdit file.txt |
3. Informasi Sistem
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Info sistem lengkap | system_profiler |
| Info hardware | system_profiler SPHardwareDataType |
| Info memori | vm_stat |
| Info OS & versi | sw_vers |
| Info disk | df -h |
| Info CPU | sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string |
| Uptime | uptime |
4. Jaringan
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Cek IP | ipconfig getifaddr en0 (Wi-Fi) |
| Ping | ping google.com |
| DNS lookup | nslookup google.com |
| Traceroute | traceroute google.com |
| Info WiFi | system_profiler SPAirPortDataType |
| IP publik | curl ifconfig.me |
5. User & Permission
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Lihat user aktif | whoami |
| Tambah user (GUI) | via System Settings (CLI sulit di macOS) |
| Ganti password | passwd |
| Cek grup user | groups |
| Jalankan sebagai root | sudo perintah |
6. Shutdown & Restart
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Shutdown | sudo shutdown -h now |
| Restart | sudo shutdown -r now |
| Sleep | pmset sleepnow |
| Logout | osascript -e 'tell application "System Events" to log out' |
7. Process & Services
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Lihat proses | top atau ps aux |
| Hentikan proses | kill PID |
| Paksa stop aplikasi GUI | killall NamaApp |
| Jalankan aplikasi GUI | open -a "AppName" |
| Lihat service launchd | launchctl list |
8. Disk & System Tools
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Cek penggunaan disk | df -h |
| Cek permission file | ls -l |
| Repair permission (lama, Catalina ke bawah) | diskutil repairPermissions / |
| Mount/Unmount disk | diskutil mount / unmount |
| List semua disk | diskutil list |
9. Skrip & Otomatisasi
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Jalankan skrip Bash | bash script.sh |
| Jalankan skrip Zsh (default macOS) | zsh script.zsh |
| Buat skrip baru | nano script.sh lalu isi: |
Bash:
#!/bin/bash
echo "Halo dunia!"
| Buat skrip Automator (GUI) | Gunakan app "Automator" |
| Cron job (penjadwalan) | crontab -e |
| Alternatif modern | launchctl atau launchd |
10. Pencarian
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Cari file | find . -name "file.txt" |
| Cari dalam isi file | grep "kata" file.txt |
| Spotlight search (GUI) | mdfind "keyword" |
| Index ulang Spotlight | sudo mdutil -E / |
11. Miscellaneous
| Tujuan | Perintah |
|---|---|
| Bersihkan terminal | clear |
| Cek waktu | date |
| Buka folder di Finder | open . |
| Buka file dengan app default | open file.pdf |
| Screenshot via terminal | screencapture ~/Desktop/screen.jpg |
| Cek log sistem | log show |
Shortcut Keyboard macOS Terminal
| Tujuan | Shortcut |
|---|---|
| Clear terminal | Cmd + K |
| Break proses | Control + C |
| Auto-complete | Tab |
| Buka tab baru | Cmd + T |
| Tutup tab | Cmd + W |
| Navigasi antar tab | Cmd + Shift + [ dan ] |
Troubleshooting Umum macOS via Terminal
| Masalah | Solusi |
|---|---|
| Tidak bisa instal brew | /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)" |
| Tidak ada command ifconfig | Gunakan networksetup atau ipconfig getifaddr en0 |
| File permission error | sudo chmod 755 file dan sudo chown $USER file |
| Aplikasi tidak bisa dibuka | xattr -d com.apple.quarantine Aplikasi.app |
Tips Tambahan
- Terminal macOS berbasis Zsh (sejak macOS Catalina). Bash masih bisa digunakan: chsh -s /bin/bash.
- Instalasi tools tambahan via Homebrew:
brew install nama_package - GUI + CLI bisa dikombinasikan (misal open -a "Safari").
